PLANNING BOUNDARIES
Various limits are given by the authors of the plan. It would be better put forward some such restrictions. Newman says, planning is deciding in advance what is to be done. So, planning is determining in advance what will do it. Lois A. Allen also have another formulation. He said that planning is the determination of a course of action to achieve a desired result. So, planning is the determination of a series of actions to achieve the desired results.
Almost close to the formulation given by Louis A. Allen, Charles Bettleheim, say, "a plan parties in the totality of the arrangements decided upon in oder to carry out a project". Furthermore, he said that every plan there are two elements, namely:
1. a project, that is an end Which one proposes to achieve, and
2. The arrangements decided opun in order That May be acheved this end, that is the determination of the means.
Charles Bettleheim brief argues that in every plan there are two elements, namely the purpose and the tools necessary to achieve that goal. More complete than the above formulations. Beishline stated that the planning function to give answers to the questions of who, what, when, where, how, and why. specifically as he said :
".... Planning determine what should be achieved (a qualitative determination of the time) and when it should be achieved, where it is to be achieved, how it should be reached out who was responsible, and why it should be achieved"
Koontz and O'Donnell, another formulering them. They said, "planning is the function of a manager Which involves the selection of alternatives from the Among Objectives, policies, procedures, and programs." So, translated: planning is the function of a manager associated with the selection of the various alternatives of the goals, policies, procedures and programs.
Apparently, the formulation of Koontz and O'Donnell will grow clear if the terms of objectives, policies, procedures and programs as it gets further clarification meant.
With the objective of what the company meant that organized addressed. Being with wisdom is the statement (statement) that guide or channel the public's mind in making decisions to subordinates from various parts of the company. With the procedure as a means of a series of actions, guidance applicable to the activities that will come. This is simply guidance to the thought. Finally, the program is a mix of policies and procedures, usually equipped with capital that are intended to working on a series of actions.
Various limits are given by the authors of the plan. It would be better put forward some such restrictions. Newman says, planning is deciding in advance what is to be done. So, planning is determining in advance what will do it. Lois A. Allen also have another formulation. He said that planning is the determination of a course of action to achieve a desired result. So, planning is the determination of a series of actions to achieve the desired results.
Almost close to the formulation given by Louis A. Allen, Charles Bettleheim, say, "a plan parties in the totality of the arrangements decided upon in oder to carry out a project". Furthermore, he said that every plan there are two elements, namely:
1. a project, that is an end Which one proposes to achieve, and
2. The arrangements decided opun in order That May be acheved this end, that is the determination of the means.
Charles Bettleheim brief argues that in every plan there are two elements, namely the purpose and the tools necessary to achieve that goal. More complete than the above formulations. Beishline stated that the planning function to give answers to the questions of who, what, when, where, how, and why. specifically as he said :
".... Planning determine what should be achieved (a qualitative determination of the time) and when it should be achieved, where it is to be achieved, how it should be reached out who was responsible, and why it should be achieved"
Koontz and O'Donnell, another formulering them. They said, "planning is the function of a manager Which involves the selection of alternatives from the Among Objectives, policies, procedures, and programs." So, translated: planning is the function of a manager associated with the selection of the various alternatives of the goals, policies, procedures and programs.
Apparently, the formulation of Koontz and O'Donnell will grow clear if the terms of objectives, policies, procedures and programs as it gets further clarification meant.
With the objective of what the company meant that organized addressed. Being with wisdom is the statement (statement) that guide or channel the public's mind in making decisions to subordinates from various parts of the company. With the procedure as a means of a series of actions, guidance applicable to the activities that will come. This is simply guidance to the thought. Finally, the program is a mix of policies and procedures, usually equipped with capital that are intended to working on a series of actions.