MEANING OF MANAGEMENT
Terms of management, until now there is no uniformity. Various terms are used, such as administration, management, management and maintenance. To avoid different interpretations, in this paper we use the original term, ie "management".
When we study the management literature, it will be found that the term contains three terms of management, namely first, the management as a process, both the management as collectivication people - people who perform management activities, and thirdly, the management as an art (art) and as a science.
According to the first sense, namely as a process management, berbada - different definitions given by experts. To show good color management according to the definitions of the first sense, we put forward a three-month definition.
In Encylopedia of the Social Sciense said that management is a process by which the execution of a particular purpose are maintained and monitored.
Furthermore, Haiman said that management is a function to achieve something through the activities of others and oversee the business - individual efforts to achieve common goals.
Finally, George R. Terry says that management is achieving the goals set in advance, using the activities of others.
When we look at three definitions of the above, it will be immediately apparent that there are three important points in the definition - the definition. First, the objectives to be achieved, secondly, the goal is achieved using the activities of people - other people, and all three activities - activities that other people should be guided and watched.
According to a second sense, management is a collectivity of people - people who perform management activities. So in other words, all the people - people who perform management activities in a certain body called management. In a sense singulari (single), called the manager. Managers are the officials responsible for implementation of activities - activities of management to achieve goals he leads the unit with the help of others.
What is the purpose of this management activity? With management activities intended activities - activities or functions - functions that are done by each manajer.Pada general activities - activities and events manager manager is planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. This is sometimes referred to as management processes, functions - functions of management, and some even called it the elements - the element of management.
According to a third notion, that management is an art or a science. About this there is no uniformity of opinion is not fact, a party says that it is the art of management, other groups say that management is a science. Indeed, the opposite second contains the truth.
Chester I Barnard in his book the function of the executive, admitted that management was "art" and also as the "science". Similarly Henry Fayol, Alfin Brown, Harold Koontz and Cyril O'Donnell, and George R. Terry thinks that it is management science and an art.
Management as an art work to achieve tangible outcomes or benefits, while management as a science serves to explain the phenomenon - phenomena (symptoms - symptoms), events - events, circumstances - circumstances, and so provide an explanation - an explanation.
Elements of science is a collection of specific knowledge, as particular, as demonstrated at the regulation - regulation or statement - general statements, and defended by various levels of exam - examinations and investigations - penylidikan. Elements of art is to use these pengetauaan on one particular situation. With experience - experience of use of such a nature, about - about a sixth senses, intuition is expertise. In real life one day - today, the management really - really do both functions, ie in addition to the function of science as well as art.
Management understanding of the first show and the fact that management is science and an art, then it can be given definitions of management as "management is the art and science of planning, organizing, planning, directing, and controlling resources to achieve the objectives that have been defined.
Terms of management, until now there is no uniformity. Various terms are used, such as administration, management, management and maintenance. To avoid different interpretations, in this paper we use the original term, ie "management".
When we study the management literature, it will be found that the term contains three terms of management, namely first, the management as a process, both the management as collectivication people - people who perform management activities, and thirdly, the management as an art (art) and as a science.
According to the first sense, namely as a process management, berbada - different definitions given by experts. To show good color management according to the definitions of the first sense, we put forward a three-month definition.
In Encylopedia of the Social Sciense said that management is a process by which the execution of a particular purpose are maintained and monitored.
Furthermore, Haiman said that management is a function to achieve something through the activities of others and oversee the business - individual efforts to achieve common goals.
Finally, George R. Terry says that management is achieving the goals set in advance, using the activities of others.
When we look at three definitions of the above, it will be immediately apparent that there are three important points in the definition - the definition. First, the objectives to be achieved, secondly, the goal is achieved using the activities of people - other people, and all three activities - activities that other people should be guided and watched.
According to a second sense, management is a collectivity of people - people who perform management activities. So in other words, all the people - people who perform management activities in a certain body called management. In a sense singulari (single), called the manager. Managers are the officials responsible for implementation of activities - activities of management to achieve goals he leads the unit with the help of others.
What is the purpose of this management activity? With management activities intended activities - activities or functions - functions that are done by each manajer.Pada general activities - activities and events manager manager is planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. This is sometimes referred to as management processes, functions - functions of management, and some even called it the elements - the element of management.
According to a third notion, that management is an art or a science. About this there is no uniformity of opinion is not fact, a party says that it is the art of management, other groups say that management is a science. Indeed, the opposite second contains the truth.
Chester I Barnard in his book the function of the executive, admitted that management was "art" and also as the "science". Similarly Henry Fayol, Alfin Brown, Harold Koontz and Cyril O'Donnell, and George R. Terry thinks that it is management science and an art.
Management as an art work to achieve tangible outcomes or benefits, while management as a science serves to explain the phenomenon - phenomena (symptoms - symptoms), events - events, circumstances - circumstances, and so provide an explanation - an explanation.
Elements of science is a collection of specific knowledge, as particular, as demonstrated at the regulation - regulation or statement - general statements, and defended by various levels of exam - examinations and investigations - penylidikan. Elements of art is to use these pengetauaan on one particular situation. With experience - experience of use of such a nature, about - about a sixth senses, intuition is expertise. In real life one day - today, the management really - really do both functions, ie in addition to the function of science as well as art.
Management understanding of the first show and the fact that management is science and an art, then it can be given definitions of management as "management is the art and science of planning, organizing, planning, directing, and controlling resources to achieve the objectives that have been defined.